Publication Details
Publisher: Academic Journal, INC
Issue: Vol 46, No 3 (2026)
ISSN: 2694-9970

Abstract

Background:  Breast Cancer is the most common cause of a significant public health concern. Among women in Iraq, optimizing screening and treatment approaches requires an understanding of the localized clinicopathological characteristics and risk profiles.  Objectives : To assess the clinicopathological characteristics and examine possible risk factors in a group of Northern Iraqi women patients with breast cancer. Methodology: The current retrospective cross-sectional study included 100 participants. Patients with histopathologically proven breast cancer were evaluated. The Clinicopathological markers (tumor stage, grade, and laterality), reproductive history, and demographic information were all cross-analyzed. Results: The age group of 40–49 years old had the highest incidence of breast cancer (38.0%). Early menarche (less than 12 years), breast cancer risk, and family history of cancer were found to be significantly correlated (P < 0.05 Invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) was the most prevalent histological category in terms of histopathology. When they initially came, most patients were in advanced stages; Stage III (44.0%) and histology Grade III (50.0%) were highly prevalent. Compared to right-sided breast involvement (48.0%), left-sided breast involvement was marginally higher (52.0%). Conclusion: Compared to Western norms, patients with breast cancer in Kirkuk-Iraq often show up younger, with more advanced tumour stages and higher grades. Organisations and programs  for genetic knowledge and early detection are very required.

Keywords
Breast cancer Risk factors Clinicopathological characteristics Tumor grade